Diagnosis
Exostoses — New Bone in the Wrong Place
An ear canal exostosis is a benign bony growth — a kind of benign tumour that develops in the external auditory canal. It is an insidious medical condition that intrigues both doctors and patients alike. These abnormal bony structures develop as a protective mechanism of the body and grow gradually, often going unnoticed until they cause serious problems.
The condition is particularly common in individuals who regularly expose their ears to cold water, which is why it is sometimes called "surfer's ear" or "swimmer's ear". Prolonged exposure to cold water and wind can trigger the formation of bony growths in the ear canal. They occur especially often in: swimmers and divers, individuals regularly exposed to cold water, and surfers and water sports athletes.
Interestingly, Croatia has a relatively high incidence of this condition. The reason lies in the fact that the Adriatic Sea, although warmer than some other seas, still ranks among the cooler seas, and Croatians traditionally spend a significant part of the year in maritime activities. In milder cases, ear plugs and avoidance of water are advised. Dr. Malić recommends surgery only when the ear canal has become so narrowed that it causes water retention, cerumen buildup and recurrent infections.
Disease Progression — Four Stages
Early Stage
Water Retention
Uncomfortable sensation of trapped water in the ear that seems unable to drain after showering or swimming.
Middle Stage
Canal Infections
Recurrent ear canal infections ("swimmer's ear") — frequent, painful, with discharge and itching.
Advanced Stage
Hearing Loss
Sensation of blockage and progressive hearing loss — the ear canal becomes increasingly narrow, cerumen cannot dry out.
Final Stage
Complete Occlusion
Complete occlusion of the ear canal with dramatic hearing loss of up to 60 dB — surgery is essential.
